Mount Sinai Study to Characterize Rare Neurodevelopmental Disorder Tied to Autism
Researchers seek to transform understanding of and inform precision treatment approaches to newly identified syndrome
A research team from The Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai is leading a new study that aims to understand the biology of ADNP syndrome, a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a mutation in the ADNP (activity-dependent neuroprotective protein) gene. This important gene affects brain formation and development, as well as brain function. The ADNP gene also affects other organs and functions of the body.
First reported in 2014, ADNP syndrome (also known as Helsmoortel-van der Aa syndrome) is a serious condition that can cause problems with neurological, cardiovascular, endocrine, immune, musculoskeletal, and gastrointestinal systems, as well as vision, hearing, growth, feeding, and sleep. It can also cause mild to severe cognitive difficulties and delays in speech and motor abilities. It causes behavioral disorders, including autism spectrum disorders (ASD), in a substantial proportion of cases. ADNP mutations are thought to be among the more common single-gene causes of ASD, but the full extent of ADNP syndrome is unknown, leaving patients, their families, and experts in the field in great need of a breakthrough. There is currently no cure and no FDA-approved treatment for ADNP syndrome.
The new research study seeks to enroll approximately 50 patients (10 within the first year) to comprehensively characterize the ADNP syndrome phenotype while investigating the neurobiological pathways that underlie ADNP syndrome through stem cell and animal studies.
“This study will significantly advance our understanding of ADNP syndrome to help guide our clinical practices with patients and to provide a foundation for the development of novel therapeutics in the future,” says Joseph D. Buxbuam, PhD, Director of The Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment at Mount Sinai. “This deeper understanding of a rare, single-gene cause of autism not only provides desperately needed insight for ADNP patients and their families, but will also serve as a window to our understanding of the broader mechanisms of ASD and other neurodevelopmental disorders.”
The Mount Sinai research team expects to define a clinical profile and biological markers (objective tests that accurately and reliably measure specific biological processes associated with a specific neurodevelopmental disorder) of ADNP syndrome. The resulting profile and biomarkers will establish clinical targets and appropriate outcome measures for use in clinical trials. Future studies can then use the identified biomarkers to predict and evaluate treatment response. The team will recruit individuals with ADNP syndrome and their families for a deep and detailed assessment that takes place over three days and includes a clinical evaluation of intellectual and adaptive functioning; expressive and receptive language; gross, fine and visual motor function sensory processing; and electrophysiology and eye tracking, as well as a medical and psychiatric history, neurological evaluation, ASD symptomatology, medical record review, magnetic resonance imaging, and electroencephalogram. All data will be shared with the larger ADNP academic community and the team will establish a cohort of families, laying the foundation for future clinical trials.
During the evaluation, the team will collect blood cells from affected patients and family members. These blood cells will be induced into pluripotent stem cells and reprogrammed into nerve cells to better understand the neurobiology of the disease and to test novel therapeutics. The Mount Sinai team will also partner with groups working with genetically modified mouse models of ADNP syndrome to gain additional insights in the neurobiology of ADNP syndrome, to develop translational electrophysiological biomarkers in the animals, and to compare the impact of test compounds on human neurons in vitro (in the lab) and in animals in vivo (in living subject).
Similar research conducted at The Seaver Autism Center has significantly advanced understanding of other rare ASD-associated genetic disorders, including Phelan-McDermid syndrome and FOXP1 syndrome, aiding in the pursuit of novel therapeutics.
This new ADNP syndrome study has the potential to impact thousands of individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders. However, large grant-making institutions like the National Institutes of Health (NIH) do not commonly support early avenues of pre-clinical and clinical research for extremely rare genetic conditions, so finding funding for this critical study is difficult. A $200,000 donation will enable Mount Sinai to enroll the first 10 patients during year one. The Seaver Autism Center is seeking philanthropic partners to help fund an additional $1.8 million necessary to study a statistically significant total of 50 study participants.
For more information about the study, please visit: http://icahn.mssm.edu/research/seaver/events or call 212-241-0961.
About the Mount Sinai Health System
Mount Sinai Health System is one of the largest academic medical systems in the New York metro area, with 48,000 employees working across eight hospitals, more than 400 outpatient practices, more than 600 research and clinical labs, a school of nursing, and a leading school of medicine and graduate education. Mount Sinai advances health for all people, everywhere, by taking on the most complex health care challenges of our time—discovering and applying new scientific learning and knowledge; developing safer, more effective treatments; educating the next generation of medical leaders and innovators; and supporting local communities by delivering high-quality care to all who need it.
Through the integration of its hospitals, labs, and schools, Mount Sinai offers comprehensive health care solutions from birth through geriatrics, leveraging innovative approaches such as artificial intelligence and informatics while keeping patients’ medical and emotional needs at the center of all treatment. The Health System includes approximately 9,000 primary and specialty care physicians and 11 free-standing joint-venture centers throughout the five boroughs of New York City, Westchester, Long Island, and Florida. Hospitals within the System are consistently ranked by Newsweek’s® “The World’s Best Smart Hospitals, Best in State Hospitals, World Best Hospitals and Best Specialty Hospitals” and by U.S. News & World Report's® “Best Hospitals” and “Best Children’s Hospitals.” The Mount Sinai Hospital is on the U.S. News & World Report® “Best Hospitals” Honor Roll for 2024-2025.
For more information, visit https://www.mountsinai.org or find Mount Sinai on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube.
