Urology
Urology is the branch of medicine that focuses on diseases of the male and female urinary tract and male reproductive organs. Some of the most common conditions are cancer of the prostate, bladder, kidneys, or testes, issues with kidney stones, fertility, and sexual concerns.
Diseases & Conditions
Anorchia
Anorchia is the absence of both testes at birth. testes
Diseases & Conditions
Balanitis
Balanitis is swelling of the foreskin and head of the penis. penis
Diseases & Conditions
Bilateral hydronephrosis
Bilateral hydronephrosis is the enlargement of the parts of the kidney that collect urine. Bilateral means both sides.
Diseases & Conditions
Bladder cancer
Bladder cancer is a cancer that starts in the bladder. The bladder is the body part that holds and releases urine. It is in the center of the lower abdomen.
Diseases & Conditions
Bladder outlet obstruction
Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is a blockage at the base of the bladder. It reduces or stops the flow of urine into the urethra. The urethra is the tube that carries urine out of the body.
Diseases & Conditions
Bladder stones
Bladder stones are hard buildups of minerals. These form in the urinary bladder.
Diseases & Conditions
Catheter-related UTI
A urinary catheter is a tube in your bladder that removes urine from the body. This tube may stay in place for an extended period of time. If so, it is called an indwelling catheter. The urine drains from...
Diseases & Conditions
Chlamydial infections - male
Chlamydia infection in males is usually an infection of the urethra. The urethra is the tube that drains urine from the bladder. It passes through the penis. This type of infection is passed from one person...
Diseases & Conditions
Curvature of the penis
Curvature of the penis is an abnormal bend in the penis that occurs during erection. In adults, it is most often due to Peyronie disease.
Diseases & Conditions
Cystinuria
Cystinuria is a rare condition in which stones made from an amino acid called cysteine form in the kidney, ureter, or bladder. Cystine is formed when two molecules of an amino acid called cysteine are bound...
Diseases & Conditions
Cystitis - acute
Acute cystitis is an infection of the bladder or lower urinary tract. Acute means that the infection begins suddenly.
Diseases & Conditions
Cystitis - noninfectious
Cystitis is a problem in which pain, pressure, or burning in the bladder is present. Most often, this problem is caused by germs such as bacteria. Cystitis is called noninfectious when there is no infection...
Diseases & Conditions
Delayed ejaculation
Delayed ejaculation is a medical condition in which a male cannot ejaculate easily or at all. It may occur either during intercourse or by manual stimulation with or without a partner. Ejaculation is when...
Diseases & Conditions
Enlarged prostate
The prostate is a gland that produces some of the fluid that carries sperm during ejaculation. The prostate gland surrounds the urethra, the tube through which urine passes out of the body. An enlarged...
Diseases & Conditions
Epididymitis
Epididymitis is swelling (inflammation) of the tube that connects the testicle with the vas deferens. The tube is called the epididymis.
Diseases & Conditions
Epispadias
Epispadias is a rare defect that is present at birth. In this condition, the urethra does not develop into a full tube. The urethra is the tube that carries urine out of the body from the bladder. The urine...
Diseases & Conditions
Erection problems
An erection problem occurs when a man cannot get or keep an erection that is firm enough for intercourse. You may not be able to get an erection at all. Or, you may lose the erection during intercourse...
Diseases & Conditions
Hydrocele
A hydrocele is a fluid-filled sac in the scrotum. scrotum
Diseases & Conditions
Hydronephrosis of one kidney
Hydronephrosis is swelling of one kidney due to a backup of urine. This problem may occur in one kidney.
Diseases & Conditions
Hypogonadism
Hypogonadism occurs when the body's sex glands (gonads) produce little or no hormones. In men, these glands are the testes. In women, these glands are the ovaries.
Diseases & Conditions
Hypospadias
Hypospadias is a birth (congenital) defect in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside of the penis. The urethra is the tube that carries urine and semen through the penis and outside the body...
Diseases & Conditions
Injury - kidney and ureter
Injury to the kidney and ureter is damage to the organs of the upper urinary tract.
Diseases & Conditions
Interstitial cystitis
Interstitial cystitis (IC) is a long-term (chronic) problem in which pain, pressure, or burning is present in the bladder. It is often associated with urinary frequency or urgency. It is also called painful...
Diseases & Conditions
Kidney stones
A kidney stone is a solid mass made up of tiny crystals. One or more stones can be in the kidney or ureter at the same time.
Diseases & Conditions
Leydig cell testicular tumor
A Leydig cell tumor is a tumor of the testicle. It develops from Leydig cells. These are the cells in the testicles that release the male hormone, testosterone. tumor testosterone
Diseases & Conditions
Meatal stenosis
Meatal stenosis is a narrowing of the opening of the urethra, the tube through which urine leaves the body.
Diseases & Conditions
Nephrocalcinosis
Nephrocalcinosis is a disorder in which there is too much calcium deposited in the kidneys. It is common in premature babies.
Diseases & Conditions
Obstructive uropathy
Obstructive uropathy is a condition in which the flow of urine is blocked. This causes the urine to back up and injure one or both kidneys.
Diseases & Conditions
Orchitis
Orchitis is swelling (inflammation) of one or both of the testicles. testicles
Diseases & Conditions
Paraphimosis
Paraphimosis occurs when the foreskin of an uncircumcised male cannot be pulled back over the head of the penis.
Diseases & Conditions
Penile cancer
Penile cancer is cancer that starts in the penis, an organ that makes up part of the male reproductive system. cancer penis
Diseases & Conditions
Perirenal abscess
Perirenal abscess is a pocket of pus around one or both kidneys. It is caused by an infection. abscess
Diseases & Conditions
Premature ejaculation
Premature ejaculation is when a man has an orgasm sooner than desired during intercourse.
Diseases & Conditions
Prostate cancer
Prostate cancer is cancer that starts in the prostate gland. The prostate is a small, walnut-shaped structure that makes up part of a man's reproductive system. It wraps around the urethra, the tube that...
Diseases & Conditions
Prostatitis - bacterial
Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate gland. This problem can be caused by an infection with bacteria. However, this is not a common cause. Acute prostatitis starts quickly. Long-term (chronic) prostatitis...
Diseases & Conditions
Prostatitis - nonbacterial
Chronic nonbacterial prostatitis causes long-term pain and urinary symptoms. It involves the prostate gland or other parts of a man's lower urinary tract or genital area. This condition is not caused by...
Diseases & Conditions
Renal pelvis or ureter cancer
Cancer of the renal pelvis or ureter is cancer that forms in the renal pelvis (center of the kidney) or ureter (tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder).
Diseases & Conditions
Retrograde ejaculation
Retrograde ejaculation occurs when semen goes backward into the bladder. Normally, it moves forward and out of the penis through the urethra during ejaculation.
Diseases & Conditions
Retroperitoneal fibrosis
Retroperitoneal fibrosis is a rare disorder that blocks the tubes (ureters) that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
Diseases & Conditions
Scrotal masses
A scrotal mass is a lump or bulge that can be felt in the scrotum. The scrotum is the sac that contains the testicles.
Diseases & Conditions
Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor
Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor (SLCT) is a rare cancer of the ovaries. The cancer cells produce and release a male sex hormone called testosterone. cancer
Diseases & Conditions
Stress urinary incontinence
Stress urinary incontinence occurs when your bladder leaks urine during physical activity or exertion. It may happen when you cough, sneeze, lift something heavy, change positions, or exercise.
Diseases & Conditions
Testicular failure
Testicular failure occurs when the testicles cannot produce sperm or male hormones, such as testosterone. testicles
Diseases & Conditions
Testicular torsion
Testicular torsion is twisting of the spermatic cord, which supports the testes in the scrotum. When this occurs, blood supply is cut off to the testicles and nearby tissue in the scrotum. This may cause...
Diseases & Conditions
Traumatic injury of the bladder and urethra
Traumatic injury of the bladder and urethra involves damage caused by an outside force.
Diseases & Conditions
Undescended testicle
Undescended testicle occurs when one or both testicles fail to move into the scrotum before birth.
Diseases & Conditions
Ureterocele
A ureterocele is a swelling at the bottom of one of the ureters. Ureters are the tubes that carry urine from the kidney to the bladder. The swollen area can block urine flow. A ureterocele is a birth defect...
Diseases & Conditions
Ureteropelvic junction obstruction
Ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction is a blockage at the point where part of the kidney attaches to one of the tubes to the bladder (ureters). This blocks the flow of urine out of the kidney.
Diseases & Conditions
Urethral stricture
Urethral stricture is an abnormal narrowing of the urethra. The urethra is the tube that carries urine out of the body from the bladder.
Diseases & Conditions
Urethritis
Urethritis is inflammation (swelling and irritation) of the urethra. The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the body.
Diseases & Conditions
Urge incontinence
Urge incontinence occurs when you have a strong, sudden need to urinate that is difficult to delay. The bladder then squeezes, or spasms, and you may lose urine.
Diseases & Conditions
Urinary tract infection - adults
A urinary tract infection, or UTI, is an infection of the urinary tract. The infection can occur at different points in the urinary tract, including the:
Bladder -- An infection in the bladder is also...
Diseases & Conditions
Urinary tract infection - children
A urinary tract infection is a bacterial infection of the urinary tract. This article discusses urinary tract infections in children. The infection can affect different parts of the urinary tract, including...
Diseases & Conditions
Varicocele
A varicocele is the swelling of the veins inside the scrotum. These veins are found along the cord that holds up a man's testicles (spermatic cord). testicles
Special Topics
Aging changes in the male reproductive system
Aging changes in the male reproductive system may include changes in testicular tissue, sperm production, and erectile function. These changes usually occur gradually.
Special Topics
Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) - resources
Special Topics
Could you have low testosterone?
Male menopause; Andropause; Testosterone deficiency; Low-T; Androgen deficiency of the aging male; Late-onset hypogonadism
Special Topics
Cryotherapy for prostate cancer
Cryosurgery - prostate cancer; Cryoablation - prostate cancer
Special Topics
Drugs that may cause erection problems
Special Topics
External incontinence devices
External incontinence devices are products (or appliances). These are worn on the outside of the body. They protect the skin from constant leakage of stool or urine. Certain medical conditions can cause...
Special Topics
Gleason grading system
Prostate cancer - Gleason; Adenocarcinoma prostate - Gleason; Gleason grade; Gleason score; Gleason group; Prostate cancer - 5 grade group
Special Topics
Hormone therapy for prostate cancer
Androgen deprivation therapy; ADT; Androgen suppression therapy; Combined androgen blockade; Orchiectomy - prostate cancer; Castration - prostate cancer
Special Topics
Incontinence - resources
Special Topics
Interstitial cystitis - resources
Special Topics
Pelvic floor muscle training exercises
Pelvic floor muscle training exercises are a series of exercises designed to strengthen the muscles of the pelvic floor.
Special Topics
Penis
The penis is the male organ used for urination and sexual intercourse. The penis is located above the scrotum. It is made of spongy tissue and blood vessels. scrotum The shaft of the penis surrounds the...
Special Topics
Penis care (uncircumcised)
Special Topics
Pharmacogenetics
Pharmacogenetics is the study of how genes affect the way medicines work in a person. Your health care provider can use the information from pharmacogenetic testing to prescribe medicines that will work...
Special Topics
Prostate cancer screening
Prostate cancer screening - PSA; Prostate cancer screening - digital rectal exam; Prostate cancer screening - DRE
Special Topics
Proton therapy
Proton therapy is a kind of radiation used to treat cancer. Like other types of radiation, proton therapy kills cancer cells and stops them from growing. radiation
Special Topics
Scrotum
The scrotum is a part of a male's body that is located below the penis. The scrotum is the sac (pouch) that contains the testes, epididymis, and the lower part of the spermatic cord (blood vessels and vas...
Special Topics
Testes
The testes are 2 egg-shaped male reproductive organs located in the scrotum. They produce sperm and the male hormone, testosterone. scrotum testosterone
Special Topics
Understanding your prostate cancer risk
Special Topics
Urinary catheters
A urinary catheter is a tube placed in the body to drain and collect urine from the bladder.
Special Topics
Urinary incontinence products
Surgery
Anterior vaginal wall repair
Anterior vaginal wall repair is a surgical procedure. This surgery tightens the front (anterior) wall of the vagina. anterior
Surgery
Artificial urinary sphincter
Sphincters in the urinary system are muscles that allow your body to hold in urine. An inflatable artificial (man-made) sphincter is a medical device. This device keeps urine from leaking. It is used when...
Surgery
Bladder exstrophy repair
Bladder exstrophy repair is surgery to repair a birth defect of the bladder. The bladder is inside out. It is fused with the abdominal wall and is exposed. The pelvic bones are also separated.
Surgery
Hydrocele repair
Hydrocele repair is surgery to correct the swelling of the scrotum that occurs when you have a hydrocele. A hydrocele is a collection of fluid around a testicle. scrotum hydrocele Baby boys sometimes have...
Surgery
Hypospadias repair
Hypospadias repair is surgery to correct a defect in the opening of the penis that is present at birth. The urethra (the tube that carries urine from the bladder to outside the body) does not end at...
Surgery
Kidney removal
Kidney removal, or nephrectomy, is surgery to remove all or part of a kidney. It may involve: Part of one kidney removed (partial nephrectomy). All of one kidney removed (simple nephrectomy). Removal of...
Surgery
Kidney transplant
A kidney transplant is surgery to place a healthy kidney into a person with kidney failure. kidney failure
Surgery
Lithotripsy
Lithotripsy is a procedure that uses shock waves to break up stones in the kidney and parts of the ureter (tube that carries urine from your kidneys to your bladder). After the procedure, the tiny pieces...
Surgery
Patent urachus repair
Patent urachus repair is surgery to fix a bladder defect. In an open (or patent) urachus, there is an opening between the bladder and the belly button (navel). The urachus is a tube between the bladder...
Surgery
Percutaneous kidney procedures
Percutaneous (through the skin) urinary procedures help drain urine from your kidney and get rid of kidney stones. kidney stones
Surgery
Prostate brachytherapy
Brachytherapy is a procedure to implant radioactive seeds (pellets) into the prostate gland to kill prostate cancer cells. The seeds may give off high or low amounts of radiation. prostate cancer
Surgery
Prostate resection - minimally invasive
Minimally invasive prostate resection is surgery to remove part of the prostate gland, to treat an enlarged prostate. The surgery will improve the flow of urine through the urethra, the tube that carries...
Surgery
Radical prostatectomy
Radical prostatectomy (prostate removal) is surgery to remove all of the prostate gland and some of the tissue around it. It is done to treat prostate cancer. prostate cancer
Surgery
Robotic surgery
Robotic surgery is a method to perform surgery using very small tools attached to a robotic arm. The surgeon controls the robotic arm with a computer.
Surgery
Simple prostatectomy
Simple prostate removal is a procedure to remove the inside part of the prostate gland to treat an enlarged prostate. It is done through a surgical cut in your lower belly. enlarged prostate
Surgery
Spinal and epidural anesthesia
Spinal and epidural anesthesia are procedures that deliver medicines that numb parts of your body to block pain. They are given through shots in or around the spine.
Surgery
Testicular torsion repair
Testicular torsion repair is surgery to untangle or untwist a spermatic cord. The spermatic cord has a collection of blood vessels in the scrotum that lead to the testicles. Testicular torsion develops...
Surgery
Transurethral resection of the prostate
Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is a surgery to remove the inside part of the prostate gland. It is done in order to treat symptoms of an enlarged prostate. enlarged prostate
Surgery
Undescended testicle repair
Undescended testicle repair is surgery to correct testicles that have not dropped down into the correct position in the scrotum. Undescended testicle
Surgery
Ureteroscopy
Ureteroscopy uses a small lighted viewing scope to examine the ureters. Ureters are the tubes that connect the kidneys to the bladder. This procedure can help diagnose and treat problems in the urinary...
Surgery
Urinary incontinence - injectable implant
Injectable implants are injections of material into the urethra to help control urine leakage (urinary incontinence) caused by a weak urinary sphincter. The sphincter is a muscle that allows your body to...
Surgery
Urinary incontinence - retropubic suspension
Retropubic suspension is surgery to help control stress incontinence. This is urine leakage that happens when you laugh, cough, sneeze, lift things, or exercise. The surgery helps close your urethra and...
Surgery
Urinary incontinence - tension-free vaginal tape
Placement of tension-free vaginal tape is surgery to help control stress urinary incontinence. This is urine leakage that happens when you laugh, cough, sneeze, lift things, or exercise. The surgery helps...
Surgery
Urinary incontinence - urethral sling procedures
Vaginal sling procedures are types of surgeries that help control stress urinary incontinence. This is urine leakage that happens when you laugh, cough, sneeze, lift things, or exercise. The procedure creates...
Surgery
Vasectomy
A vasectomy is surgery to cut the vas deferens. These are the tubes that carry sperm from the testicles to the urethra. After a vasectomy, sperm cannot move out of the testes. A man who has had a successful...
Tests
Bladder biopsy
Bladder biopsy is a procedure in which small pieces of tissue are removed from the bladder. The tissue is tested under a microscope. biopsy
Tests
CT angiography - abdomen and pelvis
CT angiography combines a CT scan with the injection of dye. This technique is able to create pictures of the blood vessels in your belly (abdomen) or pelvis area. CT stands for computed tomography.
Tests
Clean catch urine sample
A clean catch is a method of collecting a urine sample to be tested. The clean-catch urine method is used to prevent germs from the penis or vagina from getting into a urine sample.
Tests
Cystometric study
A cystometric study measures the amount of fluid in the bladder when you first feel the need to urinate, when you are able to sense fullness, and when your bladder is completely full.
Tests
Cystoscopy
Cystoscopy is a surgical procedure. This is done to see the inside of the bladder and urethra using a thin, lighted tube.
Tests
Cytology exam of urine
A cytology exam of urine is a test used to detect cancer and other diseases of the urinary tract.
Tests
Electromyography
Electromyography (EMG) is a test that checks the health of the muscles and the nerves that control the muscles.
Tests
Intravenous pyelogram
An intravenous pyelogram (IVP) is a special x-ray exam of the kidneys, bladder, and ureters (the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder). x-ray
Tests
Kidney biopsy
A kidney biopsy is the removal of a small piece of kidney tissue for examination.
Tests
Leukocyte esterase urine test
Leukocyte esterase is a urine test to look for white blood cells and other signs of infection.
Tests
Pelvic ultrasound - abdominal
A pelvic (transabdominal) ultrasound is an imaging test. It is used to examine organs in the pelvis.
Tests
Pharmacogenetic testing
Pharmacogenetic testing provides information about your genes and how they control your response to certain medicines. Your genes can affect the desired result of a drug. Your provider can use the information...
Tests
Prostate biopsy
A prostate biopsy is the removal of tiny samples of prostate tissue to examine it for signs of prostate cancer. The prostate is a small, walnut-sized gland just under the bladder in men. It wraps around...
Tests
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a protein produced by prostate cells. The PSA test is done to help screen for and monitor prostate cancer in men. prostate cancer
Tests
Radionuclide cystogram
A radionuclide cystogram is a special imaging nuclear scan test. It checks how well your bladder and urinary tract work. nuclear scan
Tests
Renal arteriography
Renal arteriography is a special x-ray of the arteries of the kidneys.
Tests
Renal perfusion scintiscan
A renal perfusion scintiscan is a nuclear medicine test. It uses a small amount of a radioactive substance to create an image of the kidneys.
Tests
Renal scan
A renal scan is a nuclear medicine exam in which a small amount of radioactive material (radioisotope) is used to measure the function of the kidneys. nuclear medicine
Tests
Retrograde cystography
Retrograde cystography is a detailed x-ray of the bladder. Contrast dye is placed into the bladder through the urethra. The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the...
Tests
Scrotal ultrasound
Scrotal ultrasound is an imaging test that looks at the scrotum. The scrotum is the flesh-covered sac that hangs between the legs at the base of the penis and contains the testicles. ultrasound The testicles...
Tests
Semen analysis
Semen analysis measures the amount and quality of a man's semen and sperm. Semen is the thick, white fluid released during ejaculation that contains sperm. This test is sometimes called a sperm count.
Tests
Testicular biopsy
Testicular biopsy is surgery to remove a piece of tissue from the testicles. The tissue is examined under a microscope. testicles
Tests
Testicular self-exam
Testicular self-exam is an examination of the testicles that you do on yourself.
Tests
Transillumination
Transillumination is the shining of a light through a body area or organ to check for abnormalities.
Tests
Ureteral retrograde brush biopsy
Ureteral retrograde brush biopsy is a surgical procedure. During the surgery, your doctor (urologist) takes a small sample of tissue from the lining of the kidney or ureter. The ureter is the tube that...
Tests
Urinalysis
Urinalysis is the physical, chemical, and microscopic examination of urine. It involves a number of tests to detect and measure various compounds that pass through the urine.
Tests
Urine 24-hour volume
The urine 24-hour volume test measures the amount of urine produced in a day. The amounts of creatinine, protein, and other chemicals released into the urine during this period are usually tested as well...
Tests
Urine culture
A urine culture is a lab test to check for bacteria or other germs in a urine sample. It can be used to check for a urinary tract infection in adults and children. adults children
Tests
Urine culture - catheterized specimen
Catheterized specimen urine culture is a laboratory test that looks for germs in a urine sample.
Tests
Uroflowmetry
Uroflowmetry is a test that measures the volume of urine released from the body, the speed with which it is released, and how long the release takes.
Tests
Voiding cystourethrogram
A voiding cystourethrogram is an x-ray study of the bladder and urethra. It is done while the bladder is emptying. x-ray
Special Topics
Aging changes in the male reproductive system
Aging changes in the male reproductive system may include changes in testicular tissue, sperm production, and erectile function. These changes usually occur gradually.
Diseases & Conditions
Anorchia
Anorchia is the absence of both testes at birth. testes
Surgery
Anterior vaginal wall repair
Anterior vaginal wall repair is a surgical procedure. This surgery tightens the front (anterior) wall of the vagina. anterior
Surgery
Artificial urinary sphincter
Sphincters in the urinary system are muscles that allow your body to hold in urine. An inflatable artificial (man-made) sphincter is a medical device. This device keeps urine from leaking. It is used when...
Diseases & Conditions
Balanitis
Balanitis is swelling of the foreskin and head of the penis. penis
Special Topics
Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) - resources
In-depth Report
Benign prostatic hyperplasia - InDepth
An in-depth report about the causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
Diseases & Conditions
Bilateral hydronephrosis
Bilateral hydronephrosis is the enlargement of the parts of the kidney that collect urine. Bilateral means both sides.
Tests
Bladder biopsy
Bladder biopsy is a procedure in which small pieces of tissue are removed from the bladder. The tissue is tested under a microscope. biopsy
Diseases & Conditions
Bladder cancer
Bladder cancer is a cancer that starts in the bladder. The bladder is the body part that holds and releases urine. It is in the center of the lower abdomen.
Surgery
Bladder exstrophy repair
Bladder exstrophy repair is surgery to repair a birth defect of the bladder. The bladder is inside out. It is fused with the abdominal wall and is exposed. The pelvic bones are also separated.
Diseases & Conditions
Bladder outlet obstruction
Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is a blockage at the base of the bladder. It reduces or stops the flow of urine into the urethra. The urethra is the tube that carries urine out of the body.
Diseases & Conditions
Bladder stones
Bladder stones are hard buildups of minerals. These form in the urinary bladder.
Symptoms
Blood in the semen
Blood in the semen is called hematospermia. It may be in amounts too small to be seen except with a microscope, or it may be visible in the ejaculation fluid.
Tests
CT angiography - abdomen and pelvis
CT angiography combines a CT scan with the injection of dye. This technique is able to create pictures of the blood vessels in your belly (abdomen) or pelvis area. CT stands for computed tomography.
Diseases & Conditions
Catheter-related UTI
A urinary catheter is a tube in your bladder that removes urine from the body. This tube may stay in place for an extended period of time. If so, it is called an indwelling catheter. The urine drains from...
Self-Care Instructions
Changing your urostomy pouch
Urinary pouch; Urinary appliance pasting; Urinary diversion - urostomy pouch; Cystectomy - urostomy pouch
Diseases & Conditions
Chlamydial infections - male
Chlamydia infection in males is usually an infection of the urethra. The urethra is the tube that drains urine from the bladder. It passes through the penis. This type of infection is passed from one person...
Tests
Clean catch urine sample
A clean catch is a method of collecting a urine sample to be tested. The clean-catch urine method is used to prevent germs from the penis or vagina from getting into a urine sample.
Special Topics
Could you have low testosterone?
Male menopause; Andropause; Testosterone deficiency; Low-T; Androgen deficiency of the aging male; Late-onset hypogonadism
Special Topics
Cryotherapy for prostate cancer
Cryosurgery - prostate cancer; Cryoablation - prostate cancer
Diseases & Conditions
Curvature of the penis
Curvature of the penis is an abnormal bend in the penis that occurs during erection. In adults, it is most often due to Peyronie disease.
Diseases & Conditions
Cystinuria
Cystinuria is a rare condition in which stones made from an amino acid called cysteine form in the kidney, ureter, or bladder. Cystine is formed when two molecules of an amino acid called cysteine are bound...
Diseases & Conditions
Cystitis - acute
Acute cystitis is an infection of the bladder or lower urinary tract. Acute means that the infection begins suddenly.
Diseases & Conditions
Cystitis - noninfectious
Cystitis is a problem in which pain, pressure, or burning in the bladder is present. Most often, this problem is caused by germs such as bacteria. Cystitis is called noninfectious when there is no infection...
Tests
Cystometric study
A cystometric study measures the amount of fluid in the bladder when you first feel the need to urinate, when you are able to sense fullness, and when your bladder is completely full.
Tests
Cystoscopy
Cystoscopy is a surgical procedure. This is done to see the inside of the bladder and urethra using a thin, lighted tube.
Tests
Cytology exam of urine
A cytology exam of urine is a test used to detect cancer and other diseases of the urinary tract.
Diseases & Conditions
Delayed ejaculation
Delayed ejaculation is a medical condition in which a male cannot ejaculate easily or at all. It may occur either during intercourse or by manual stimulation with or without a partner. Ejaculation is when...
Special Topics
Drugs that may cause erection problems
Tests
Electromyography
Electromyography (EMG) is a test that checks the health of the muscles and the nerves that control the muscles.
Diseases & Conditions
Enlarged prostate
The prostate is a gland that produces some of the fluid that carries sperm during ejaculation. The prostate gland surrounds the urethra, the tube through which urine passes out of the body. An enlarged...
Self-Care Instructions
Enlarged prostate - after care
BPH - self-care; Benign prostatic hypertrophy - self-care; Benign prostatic hyperplasia - self-care
Questions To Ask Your Doctor
Enlarged prostate - what to ask your doctor
What to ask your doctor about enlarged prostate; Benign prostatic hypertrophy - what to ask your doctor; BPH - what to ask your doctor
Diseases & Conditions
Epididymitis
Epididymitis is swelling (inflammation) of the tube that connects the testicle with the vas deferens. The tube is called the epididymis.
Diseases & Conditions
Epispadias
Epispadias is a rare defect that is present at birth. In this condition, the urethra does not develop into a full tube. The urethra is the tube that carries urine out of the body from the bladder. The urine...
In-depth Report
Erectile dysfunction - InDepth
An in-depth report on the causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of erectile dysfunction.
Diseases & Conditions
Erection problems
An erection problem occurs when a man cannot get or keep an erection that is firm enough for intercourse. You may not be able to get an erection at all. Or, you may lose the erection during intercourse...
Self-Care Instructions
Erection problems - aftercare
Erectile dysfunction - self-care
Special Topics
External incontinence devices
External incontinence devices are products (or appliances). These are worn on the outside of the body. They protect the skin from constant leakage of stool or urine. Certain medical conditions can cause...
Symptoms
Flank pain
Flank pain is pain in one side of the body between the upper belly area (abdomen) and the back.
Symptoms
Frequent or urgent urination
Frequent urination means needing to urinate more often than usual. Urgent urination is a sudden, strong need to urinate. This causes a discomfort in your bladder. Urgent urination makes it difficult to...
Injury
Genital injury
A genital injury is an injury to male or female sex organs, mainly those outside the body. It also refers to injury in the area between the legs, called the perineum.
Special Topics
Gleason grading system
Prostate cancer - Gleason; Adenocarcinoma prostate - Gleason; Gleason grade; Gleason score; Gleason group; Prostate cancer - 5 grade group
Symptoms
Groin pain
Groin pain refers to discomfort in the area where the abdomen ends and the legs begin. This article focuses on groin pain in men. The terms "groin" and "testicle" are sometimes used interchangeably. But...
Special Topics
Hormone therapy for prostate cancer
Androgen deprivation therapy; ADT; Androgen suppression therapy; Combined androgen blockade; Orchiectomy - prostate cancer; Castration - prostate cancer
Diseases & Conditions
Hydrocele
A hydrocele is a fluid-filled sac in the scrotum. scrotum
Surgery
Hydrocele repair
Hydrocele repair is surgery to correct the swelling of the scrotum that occurs when you have a hydrocele. A hydrocele is a collection of fluid around a testicle. scrotum hydrocele Baby boys sometimes have...
Diseases & Conditions
Hydronephrosis of one kidney
Hydronephrosis is swelling of one kidney due to a backup of urine. This problem may occur in one kidney.
Diseases & Conditions
Hypogonadism
Hypogonadism occurs when the body's sex glands (gonads) produce little or no hormones. In men, these glands are the testes. In women, these glands are the ovaries.
Diseases & Conditions
Hypospadias
Hypospadias is a birth (congenital) defect in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside of the penis. The urethra is the tube that carries urine and semen through the penis and outside the body...
Surgery
Hypospadias repair
Hypospadias repair is surgery to correct a defect in the opening of the penis that is present at birth. The urethra (the tube that carries urine from the bladder to outside the body) does not end at...
Discharge Instructions
Hypospadias repair - discharge
Special Topics
Incontinence - resources
Self-Care Instructions
Indwelling catheter care
Foley catheter; Suprapubic tube
In-depth Report
Infertility in men - InDepth
An in-depth report on the causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of male infertility.
Diseases & Conditions
Injury - kidney and ureter
Injury to the kidney and ureter is damage to the organs of the upper urinary tract.
Diseases & Conditions
Interstitial cystitis
Interstitial cystitis (IC) is a long-term (chronic) problem in which pain, pressure, or burning is present in the bladder. It is often associated with urinary frequency or urgency. It is also called painful...
Special Topics
Interstitial cystitis - resources
Tests
Intravenous pyelogram
An intravenous pyelogram (IVP) is a special x-ray exam of the kidneys, bladder, and ureters (the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder). x-ray
Self-Care Instructions
Kegel exercises - self-care
Pelvic muscle strengthening exercises; Pelvic floor exercises
Tests
Kidney biopsy
A kidney biopsy is the removal of a small piece of kidney tissue for examination.
Surgery
Kidney removal
Kidney removal, or nephrectomy, is surgery to remove all or part of a kidney. It may involve: Part of one kidney removed (partial nephrectomy). All of one kidney removed (simple nephrectomy). Removal of...
Discharge Instructions
Kidney removal - discharge
Nephrectomy - discharge; Simple nephrectomy - discharge; Radical nephrectomy - discharge; Open nephrectomy - discharge; Laparoscopic nephrectomy - discharge; Partial nephrectomy - discharge
Diseases & Conditions
Kidney stones
A kidney stone is a solid mass made up of tiny crystals. One or more stones can be in the kidney or ureter at the same time.
In-depth Report
Kidney stones - InDepth
An in-depth report on the causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of kidney stones.
Self-Care Instructions
Kidney stones - self-care
Renal calculi and self-care; Nephrolithiasis and self-care; Stones and kidney - self-care; Calcium stones and self-care; Oxalate stones and self-care; Uric acid stones and self-care
Questions To Ask Your Doctor
Kidney stones - what to ask your doctor
Nephrolithiasis - what to ask your doctor; Renal calculi - what to ask your doctor; What to ask your doctor about kidney stones
Discharge Instructions
Kidney stones and lithotripsy - discharge
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy - discharge; Shock wave lithotripsy - discharge; Laser lithotripsy - discharge; Percutaneous lithotripsy - discharge; Endoscopic lithotripsy - discharge; ESWL - discharge...
Surgery
Kidney transplant
A kidney transplant is surgery to place a healthy kidney into a person with kidney failure. kidney failure
Tests
Leukocyte esterase urine test
Leukocyte esterase is a urine test to look for white blood cells and other signs of infection.
Diseases & Conditions
Leydig cell testicular tumor
A Leydig cell tumor is a tumor of the testicle. It develops from Leydig cells. These are the cells in the testicles that release the male hormone, testosterone. tumor testosterone
Surgery
Lithotripsy
Lithotripsy is a procedure that uses shock waves to break up stones in the kidney and parts of the ureter (tube that carries urine from your kidneys to your bladder). After the procedure, the tiny pieces...
Diseases & Conditions
Meatal stenosis
Meatal stenosis is a narrowing of the opening of the urethra, the tube through which urine leaves the body.
Diseases & Conditions
Nephrocalcinosis
Nephrocalcinosis is a disorder in which there is too much calcium deposited in the kidneys. It is common in premature babies.
Diseases & Conditions
Obstructive uropathy
Obstructive uropathy is a condition in which the flow of urine is blocked. This causes the urine to back up and injure one or both kidneys.
Diseases & Conditions
Orchitis
Orchitis is swelling (inflammation) of one or both of the testicles. testicles
Diseases & Conditions
Paraphimosis
Paraphimosis occurs when the foreskin of an uncircumcised male cannot be pulled back over the head of the penis.
Surgery
Patent urachus repair
Patent urachus repair is surgery to fix a bladder defect. In an open (or patent) urachus, there is an opening between the bladder and the belly button (navel). The urachus is a tube between the bladder...
Special Topics
Pelvic floor muscle training exercises
Pelvic floor muscle training exercises are a series of exercises designed to strengthen the muscles of the pelvic floor.
Tests
Pelvic ultrasound - abdominal
A pelvic (transabdominal) ultrasound is an imaging test. It is used to examine organs in the pelvis.
Diseases & Conditions
Penile cancer
Penile cancer is cancer that starts in the penis, an organ that makes up part of the male reproductive system. cancer penis
Special Topics
Penis
The penis is the male organ used for urination and sexual intercourse. The penis is located above the scrotum. It is made of spongy tissue and blood vessels. scrotum The shaft of the penis surrounds the...
Special Topics
Penis care (uncircumcised)
Symptoms
Penis pain
Penis pain is any pain or discomfort in the penis. penis
Surgery
Percutaneous kidney procedures
Percutaneous (through the skin) urinary procedures help drain urine from your kidney and get rid of kidney stones. kidney stones
Discharge Instructions
Percutaneous urinary procedures - discharge
Percutaneous nephrostomy - discharge; Percutaneous nephrostolithotomy - discharge; PCNL - discharge; Nephrolithotomy - discharge; Percutaneous lithotripsy - discharge; Endoscopic lithotripsy - discharge...
Diseases & Conditions
Perirenal abscess
Perirenal abscess is a pocket of pus around one or both kidneys. It is caused by an infection. abscess
Tests
Pharmacogenetic testing
Pharmacogenetic testing provides information about your genes and how they control your response to certain medicines. Your genes can affect the desired result of a drug. Your provider can use the information...
Special Topics
Pharmacogenetics
Pharmacogenetics is the study of how genes affect the way medicines work in a person. Your health care provider can use the information from pharmacogenetic testing to prescribe medicines that will work...
Diseases & Conditions
Premature ejaculation
Premature ejaculation is when a man has an orgasm sooner than desired during intercourse.
Tests
Prostate biopsy
A prostate biopsy is the removal of tiny samples of prostate tissue to examine it for signs of prostate cancer. The prostate is a small, walnut-sized gland just under the bladder in men. It wraps around...
Surgery
Prostate brachytherapy
Brachytherapy is a procedure to implant radioactive seeds (pellets) into the prostate gland to kill prostate cancer cells. The seeds may give off high or low amounts of radiation. prostate cancer
Discharge Instructions
Prostate brachytherapy - discharge
Implant therapy - prostate cancer - discharge; Radioactive seed placement - discharge
Diseases & Conditions
Prostate cancer
Prostate cancer is cancer that starts in the prostate gland. The prostate is a small, walnut-shaped structure that makes up part of a man's reproductive system. It wraps around the urethra, the tube that...
In-depth Report
Prostate cancer - InDepth
An in-depth report on the causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of prostate cancer.
Special Topics
Prostate cancer screening
Prostate cancer screening - PSA; Prostate cancer screening - digital rectal exam; Prostate cancer screening - DRE
Discharge Instructions
Prostate cancer staging
Discharge Instructions
Prostate cancer treatment
Discharge Instructions
Prostate radiation - discharge
Radiation - pelvis - discharge
Surgery
Prostate resection - minimally invasive
Minimally invasive prostate resection is surgery to remove part of the prostate gland, to treat an enlarged prostate. The surgery will improve the flow of urine through the urethra, the tube that carries...
Discharge Instructions
Prostate resection - minimally invasive - discharge
Laser prostatectomy - discharge; Transurethral needle ablation - discharge; TUNA - discharge; Transurethral incision - discharge; TUIP - discharge; Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate - discharge...
Tests
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a protein produced by prostate cells. The PSA test is done to help screen for and monitor prostate cancer in men. prostate cancer
Diseases & Conditions
Prostatitis - bacterial
Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate gland. This problem can be caused by an infection with bacteria. However, this is not a common cause. Acute prostatitis starts quickly. Long-term (chronic) prostatitis...
Self-Care Instructions
Prostatitis - bacterial - self-care
Diseases & Conditions
Prostatitis - nonbacterial
Chronic nonbacterial prostatitis causes long-term pain and urinary symptoms. It involves the prostate gland or other parts of a man's lower urinary tract or genital area. This condition is not caused by...
Special Topics
Proton therapy
Proton therapy is a kind of radiation used to treat cancer. Like other types of radiation, proton therapy kills cancer cells and stops them from growing. radiation
Surgery
Radical prostatectomy
Radical prostatectomy (prostate removal) is surgery to remove all of the prostate gland and some of the tissue around it. It is done to treat prostate cancer. prostate cancer
Discharge Instructions
Radical prostatectomy - discharge
Prostatectomy - radical - discharge; Radical retropubic prostatectomy - discharge; Radical perineal prostatectomy - discharge; Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy - discharge; LRP - discharge; Robotic-assisted...
Tests
Radionuclide cystogram
A radionuclide cystogram is a special imaging nuclear scan test. It checks how well your bladder and urinary tract work. nuclear scan
Tests
Renal arteriography
Renal arteriography is a special x-ray of the arteries of the kidneys.
Diseases & Conditions
Renal pelvis or ureter cancer
Cancer of the renal pelvis or ureter is cancer that forms in the renal pelvis (center of the kidney) or ureter (tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder).
Tests
Renal perfusion scintiscan
A renal perfusion scintiscan is a nuclear medicine test. It uses a small amount of a radioactive substance to create an image of the kidneys.
Tests
Renal scan
A renal scan is a nuclear medicine exam in which a small amount of radioactive material (radioisotope) is used to measure the function of the kidneys. nuclear medicine
Tests
Retrograde cystography
Retrograde cystography is a detailed x-ray of the bladder. Contrast dye is placed into the bladder through the urethra. The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the...
Diseases & Conditions
Retrograde ejaculation
Retrograde ejaculation occurs when semen goes backward into the bladder. Normally, it moves forward and out of the penis through the urethra during ejaculation.
Diseases & Conditions
Retroperitoneal fibrosis
Retroperitoneal fibrosis is a rare disorder that blocks the tubes (ureters) that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
Surgery
Robotic surgery
Robotic surgery is a method to perform surgery using very small tools attached to a robotic arm. The surgeon controls the robotic arm with a computer.
Diseases & Conditions
Scrotal masses
A scrotal mass is a lump or bulge that can be felt in the scrotum. The scrotum is the sac that contains the testicles.
Symptoms
Scrotal swelling
Scrotal swelling is abnormal enlargement of the scrotum. This is the name for the sac surrounding the testicles.
Tests
Scrotal ultrasound
Scrotal ultrasound is an imaging test that looks at the scrotum. The scrotum is the flesh-covered sac that hangs between the legs at the base of the penis and contains the testicles. ultrasound The testicles...
Special Topics
Scrotum
The scrotum is a part of a male's body that is located below the penis. The scrotum is the sac (pouch) that contains the testes, epididymis, and the lower part of the spermatic cord (blood vessels and vas...
Self-Care Instructions
Self catheterization - female
Clean intermittent catheterization - female; CIC - female; Self-intermittent catheterization
Self-Care Instructions
Self catheterization - male
Clean intermittent catheterization - male; CIC - male; Self-intermittent catheterization
Tests
Semen analysis
Semen analysis measures the amount and quality of a man's semen and sperm. Semen is the thick, white fluid released during ejaculation that contains sperm. This test is sometimes called a sperm count.
Diseases & Conditions
Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor
Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor (SLCT) is a rare cancer of the ovaries. The cancer cells produce and release a male sex hormone called testosterone. cancer
Surgery
Simple prostatectomy
Simple prostate removal is a procedure to remove the inside part of the prostate gland to treat an enlarged prostate. It is done through a surgical cut in your lower belly. enlarged prostate
Surgery
Spinal and epidural anesthesia
Spinal and epidural anesthesia are procedures that deliver medicines that numb parts of your body to block pain. They are given through shots in or around the spine.
Diseases & Conditions
Stress urinary incontinence
Stress urinary incontinence occurs when your bladder leaks urine during physical activity or exertion. It may happen when you cough, sneeze, lift something heavy, change positions, or exercise.
Self-Care Instructions
Suprapubic catheter care
SPT
Special Topics
Testes
The testes are 2 egg-shaped male reproductive organs located in the scrotum. They produce sperm and the male hormone, testosterone. scrotum testosterone
Symptoms
Testicle lump
A testicle lump is swelling or a growth (mass) in one or both testicles.
Symptoms
Testicle pain
Testicle pain is discomfort in one or both testicles. The pain can spread into the lower abdomen. testicles
Tests
Testicular biopsy
Testicular biopsy is surgery to remove a piece of tissue from the testicles. The tissue is examined under a microscope. testicles
Diseases & Conditions
Testicular failure
Testicular failure occurs when the testicles cannot produce sperm or male hormones, such as testosterone. testicles
Tests
Testicular self-exam
Testicular self-exam is an examination of the testicles that you do on yourself.
Diseases & Conditions
Testicular torsion
Testicular torsion is twisting of the spermatic cord, which supports the testes in the scrotum. When this occurs, blood supply is cut off to the testicles and nearby tissue in the scrotum. This may cause...
Surgery
Testicular torsion repair
Testicular torsion repair is surgery to untangle or untwist a spermatic cord. The spermatic cord has a collection of blood vessels in the scrotum that lead to the testicles. Testicular torsion develops...
Tests
Transillumination
Transillumination is the shining of a light through a body area or organ to check for abnormalities.
Surgery
Transurethral resection of the prostate
Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is a surgery to remove the inside part of the prostate gland. It is done in order to treat symptoms of an enlarged prostate. enlarged prostate
Discharge Instructions
Transurethral resection of the prostate - discharge
TURP - discharge; Prostate resection - transurethral - discharge
Diseases & Conditions
Traumatic injury of the bladder and urethra
Traumatic injury of the bladder and urethra involves damage caused by an outside force.
Special Topics
Understanding your prostate cancer risk
Diseases & Conditions
Undescended testicle
Undescended testicle occurs when one or both testicles fail to move into the scrotum before birth.
Surgery
Undescended testicle repair
Undescended testicle repair is surgery to correct testicles that have not dropped down into the correct position in the scrotum. Undescended testicle
Tests
Ureteral retrograde brush biopsy
Ureteral retrograde brush biopsy is a surgical procedure. During the surgery, your doctor (urologist) takes a small sample of tissue from the lining of the kidney or ureter. The ureter is the tube that...
Diseases & Conditions
Ureterocele
A ureterocele is a swelling at the bottom of one of the ureters. Ureters are the tubes that carry urine from the kidney to the bladder. The swollen area can block urine flow. A ureterocele is a birth defect...
Diseases & Conditions
Ureteropelvic junction obstruction
Ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction is a blockage at the point where part of the kidney attaches to one of the tubes to the bladder (ureters). This blocks the flow of urine out of the kidney.
Surgery
Ureteroscopy
Ureteroscopy uses a small lighted viewing scope to examine the ureters. Ureters are the tubes that connect the kidneys to the bladder. This procedure can help diagnose and treat problems in the urinary...
Diseases & Conditions
Urethral stricture
Urethral stricture is an abnormal narrowing of the urethra. The urethra is the tube that carries urine out of the body from the bladder.
Diseases & Conditions
Urethritis
Urethritis is inflammation (swelling and irritation) of the urethra. The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the body.
Diseases & Conditions
Urge incontinence
Urge incontinence occurs when you have a strong, sudden need to urinate that is difficult to delay. The bladder then squeezes, or spasms, and you may lose urine.
Tests
Urinalysis
Urinalysis is the physical, chemical, and microscopic examination of urine. It involves a number of tests to detect and measure various compounds that pass through the urine.
Special Topics
Urinary catheters
A urinary catheter is a tube placed in the body to drain and collect urine from the bladder.
Questions To Ask Your Doctor
Urinary catheters - what to ask your doctor
What to ask your doctor about urinary catheters
Symptoms
Urinary incontinence
Urinary (or bladder) incontinence occurs when you are not able to keep urine from leaking out of your urethra. The urethra is the tube that carries urine out of your body from your bladder. You may leak...
In-depth Report
Urinary incontinence - InDepth
An in-depth report on the causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of urinary incontinence.
Surgery
Urinary incontinence - injectable implant
Injectable implants are injections of material into the urethra to help control urine leakage (urinary incontinence) caused by a weak urinary sphincter. The sphincter is a muscle that allows your body to...
Surgery
Urinary incontinence - retropubic suspension
Retropubic suspension is surgery to help control stress incontinence. This is urine leakage that happens when you laugh, cough, sneeze, lift things, or exercise. The surgery helps close your urethra and...
Surgery
Urinary incontinence - tension-free vaginal tape
Placement of tension-free vaginal tape is surgery to help control stress urinary incontinence. This is urine leakage that happens when you laugh, cough, sneeze, lift things, or exercise. The surgery helps...
Surgery
Urinary incontinence - urethral sling procedures
Vaginal sling procedures are types of surgeries that help control stress urinary incontinence. This is urine leakage that happens when you laugh, cough, sneeze, lift things, or exercise. The procedure creates...
Questions To Ask Your Doctor
Urinary incontinence - what to ask your doctor
What to ask your doctor about urinary incontinence; Stress urinary incontinence; Urge urinary incontinence
Special Topics
Urinary incontinence products
Self-Care Instructions
Urinary incontinence products - self-care
Adult diapers; Disposable urinary collection devices
Discharge Instructions
Urinary incontinence surgery - female - discharge
Open retropubic colposuspension - discharge; Laparoscopic retropubic colposuspension - discharge; Needle suspension - discharge; Burch colposuspension - discharge; VOS - discharge; Urethral sling - discharge...
In-depth Report
Urinary tract infection - InDepth
An in-depth report on the causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of urinary tract infections.
Diseases & Conditions
Urinary tract infection - adults
A urinary tract infection, or UTI, is an infection of the urinary tract. The infection can occur at different points in the urinary tract, including the:
Bladder -- An infection in the bladder is also...
Diseases & Conditions
Urinary tract infection - children
A urinary tract infection is a bacterial infection of the urinary tract. This article discusses urinary tract infections in children. The infection can affect different parts of the urinary tract, including...
Self-Care Instructions
Urinary tract infection in girls - aftercare
Self-Care Instructions
Urinary tract infection in women - self-care
UTI - self-care; Cystitis - self-care; Bladder infection - self-care
Symptoms
Urinating more at night
Normally, the amount of urine your body produces decreases at night. This allows most people to sleep 6 to 8 hours without having to urinate. Some people wake up from sleep more often to urinate during...
Symptoms
Urination - difficulty with flow
Difficulty starting or maintaining a urine stream is called urinary hesitancy.
Symptoms
Urination - excessive amount
Excessive amount of urination means that your body makes larger than normal amounts of urine each day.
Symptoms
Urination - painful
Painful urination is any pain, discomfort, or burning sensation when passing urine.
Symptoms
Urine - abnormal color
The usual color of urine is straw-yellow. Abnormally-colored urine may be cloudy, dark, or blood-colored.
Symptoms
Urine - bloody
Blood in your urine is called hematuria. The amount may be very small and only detected with urine tests or under a microscope. In other cases, the blood is visible. It often turns the toilet water red...
Tests
Urine 24-hour volume
The urine 24-hour volume test measures the amount of urine produced in a day. The amounts of creatinine, protein, and other chemicals released into the urine during this period are usually tested as well...
Tests
Urine culture
A urine culture is a lab test to check for bacteria or other germs in a urine sample. It can be used to check for a urinary tract infection in adults and children. adults children
Tests
Urine culture - catheterized specimen
Catheterized specimen urine culture is a laboratory test that looks for germs in a urine sample.
Self-Care Instructions
Urine drainage bags
Leg bag
Symptoms
Urine odor
Urine odor refers to the smell from your urine. Urine odor varies. Most of the time, urine does not have a strong smell if you are healthy and drink plenty of fluids.
Symptoms
Urine output - decreased
Decreased urine output means that you produce less urine than normal. Most adults make at least 500 milliliters of urine in 24 hours (a little over 2 cups).
Tests
Uroflowmetry
Uroflowmetry is a test that measures the volume of urine released from the body, the speed with which it is released, and how long the release takes.
Self-Care Instructions
Urostomy - stoma and skin care
Ostomy care - urostomy; Urinary diversion - urostomy stoma; Cystectomy - urostomy stoma; Ileal conduit
Self-Care Instructions
Urostomy pouches and supplies
Cystectomy - urostomy; Urostomy bag; Ostomy appliance; Urinary ostomy; Urinary diversion - urostomy supplies; Cystectomy - urostomy supplies; Ileal conduit
Self-Care Instructions
Vacuum erectile devices for erection problems
Vacuum constriction devices for erectile dysfunction; VCD; Penis pump; Erection problems - penis pump; Erectile dysfunction - vacuum constriction devices; Vacuum erection devices
Diseases & Conditions
Varicocele
A varicocele is the swelling of the veins inside the scrotum. These veins are found along the cord that holds up a man's testicles (spermatic cord). testicles
Surgery
Vasectomy
A vasectomy is surgery to cut the vas deferens. These are the tubes that carry sperm from the testicles to the urethra. After a vasectomy, sperm cannot move out of the testes. A man who has had a successful...
In-depth Report
Vasectomy and vasectomy reversal - InDepth
An in-depth report on vasectomy as a method of male birth control and reversal surgeries.
Tests
Voiding cystourethrogram
A voiding cystourethrogram is an x-ray study of the bladder and urethra. It is done while the bladder is emptying. x-ray
Self-Care Instructions
When you have urinary incontinence
Loss of bladder control - care at home; Uncontrollable urination - care at home; Stress incontinence - care at home; Bladder incontinence - care at home; Pelvic prolapse - care at home; Leakage of urine...